Nagaland is an Indian state in the Northeast, known for its distinct tribal cultures and historical significance.
Establishment and Geography
* Establishment Year: Nagaland was formally inaugurated on December 1, 1963, as the 16th State of the Indian Union.
* Borders:
* West: Assam
* East: Myanmar (Burma)
* North: Arunachal Pradesh and part of Assam
* South: Manipur
* Area: 16,579 square kilometers.
* Capital: Kohima.
Demographics
* Population (2011 Census): 19,78,502 persons.
* Languages: The official language is English. Several indigenous tribal languages and dialects are spoken, including Ao, Angami, Sema, Lotha, and Konyak, among others.
* Religion: The state is predominantly Christian. Nagaland is often referred to as one of the most Baptist-heavy states in India.
List of Chief Ministers
The following is a partial list of Chief Ministers of Nagaland with their approximated joining and leaving dates:
| Chief Minister | Joined Office | Left Office | Party |
|---|---|---|---|
| P. Shilu Ao | Dec 1, 1963 | Aug 14, 1966 | Nagaland Nationalist Organisation |
| Thepfulo Nakhro | Aug 14, 1966 | Feb 22, 1969 | Nagaland Nationalist Organisation |
| Hokishe Sema | Feb 22, 1969 | Feb 26, 1974 | Nagaland Nationalist Organisation |
| Vizol Koso | Feb 26, 1974 | Mar 10, 1975 | United Democratic Front |
| John Bosco Jasokie | Mar 10, 1975 | Mar 20, 1975 | Naga National Democratic Party |
| President's Rule | Mar 20, 1975 | Nov 25, 1977 | N/A |
| Vizol Koso | Nov 25, 1977 | Apr 18, 1980 | United Democratic Front |
| S. C. Jamir | Apr 18, 1980 | Jun 5, 1980 | United Democratic Front Progressive |
| John Bosco Jasokie | Jun 5, 1980 | Nov 18, 1982 | Naga National Democratic Party |
| S. C. Jamir | Nov 18, 1982 | Oct 28, 1986 | United Democratic Front Progressive |
| Hokishe Sema | Oct 29, 1986 | Aug 7, 1988 | Indian National Congress |
| President's Rule | Aug 7, 1988 | Jan 25, 1989 | N/A |
| S. C. Jamir | Jan 25, 1989 | May 10, 1990 | Indian National Congress |
| K. L. Chishi | May 16, 1990 | Jun 19, 1990 | Indian National Congress |
| Vamuzo Phesao | Jun 19, 1990 | Apr 2, 1992 | Nagaland People's Council |
| President's Rule | Apr 2, 1992 | Feb 22, 1993 | N/A |
| S. C. Jamir | Feb 22, 1993 | Mar 6, 2003 | Indian National Congress |
| Neiphiu Rio | Mar 6, 2003 | Jan 3, 2008 | Naga People's Front |
| President's Rule | Jan 3, 2008 | Mar 12, 2008 | N/A |
| Neiphiu Rio | Mar 12, 2008 | May 24, 2014 | Naga People's Front |
| T. R. Zeliang | May 24, 2014 | Feb 22, 2017 | Naga People's Front |
| Shürhozelie Liezietsu | Feb 22, 2017 | Jul 19, 2017 | Naga People's Front |
| T. R. Zeliang | Jul 19, 2017 | Mar 8, 2018 | Naga People's Front |
| Neiphiu Rio | Mar 8, 2018 | Present | Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party |
President's Rule
President's Rule (imposition of Central rule under Article 356) has been imposed in Nagaland 4 times since its formation as a state:
* 1975–1977
* 1988–1989
* 1992–1993
* 2008
Famous Places and Products
Famous Places (Tourism)
Nagaland is known for its picturesque landscapes, war history, and vibrant tribal culture.
* Dzukou Valley: A stunning valley famous for its natural beauty, seasonal flowers (especially the Dzukou Lily), and trekking routes, located on the border of Nagaland and Manipur.
* Kohima War Cemetery: A solemn memorial dedicated to the soldiers of the British Indian Army and Allied forces who died in the Battle of Kohima during World War II.
* Naga Heritage Village (Kisama): The main venue for the famous Hornbill Festival, which showcases the cultures of all 17 major Naga tribes.
* Khonoma Village: Known as the "Green Village" of India, it's an ecologically conscious village famous for its traditional practices of conservation and historical significance.
* Kachari Ruins, Dimapur: Remnants of the 10th-century Kachari civilization, famous for its mysterious mushroom-shaped monolithic pillars.
Famous Products
The state's products are primarily based on its rich tradition of handicrafts and agriculture.
* Handicrafts and Textiles: Woven Shawls (each tribe has its own distinct pattern and color, e.g., the Ao warrior shawl, Tsüngkotepsü), traditional jewelry, wooden carvings, and bamboo/cane products.
* Agricultural Products: Naga King Chilli or Raja Mircha (one of the world's hottest chillies, with a Geographical Indication tag), Naga Tree Tomato, and various unique indigenous herbs, spices, and organic produce.
* Coffee: Nagaland has been promoting the cultivation of high-quality Naga Coffee (Arabica and Robusta), which is gaining recognition in India and internationally.
