Telangana: Establishment and History
| Aspect | Detail |
|---|---|
| Establishment Year | June 2, 2014 |
| First Chief Minister | K. Chandrashekar Rao |
| Significance | Formed as the 29th state of the Union of India, it was carved out of the northwestern part of the erstwhile state of Andhra Pradesh following a long-standing statehood movement. |
| Capital | Hyderabad (It is the joint capital for both Telangana and Andhra Pradesh until 2024, after which it will solely be the capital of Telangana.) |
Geography and Demographics
Borders
Telangana is a landlocked state in South-Central India, bordered by:
* Maharashtra (North)
* Chhattisgarh (Northeast)
* Odisha (A small border at the northeast tip)
* Andhra Pradesh (Southeast and South)
* Karnataka (West)
Population and Religion
The following data is based on the 2011 Census of India:
| Aspect | Detail |
|---|---|
| Population | 35,193,978 (approx. 3.52 Crore) |
| Density | Approx. 307 people per sq. km |
| Major Religion (Hinduism) | ~85.10% |
| Second Major Religion (Islam) | ~12.69% |
| Other Religions | Christianity (~1.27%), followed by small populations of Sikhism, Jainism, and Buddhism. |
Languages Spoken
| Language | Category | Percentage (2011 Census) |
|---|---|---|
| Telugu | Official Language and Majority Spoken | ~75.51% |
| Urdu | Second Official Language | ~12.17% |
| Other Languages | Marathi, Lambadi, Hindi, and Kannada are also spoken in border and urban areas. English is widely used in education and business. | |
Political Administration
Chief Ministers of Telangana
Since its formation in 2014, Telangana has had two Chief Ministers to date:
| Sl. No. | Name of Chief Minister | Date Joined | Date Left | Political Party |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Kalvakuntla Chandrashekar Rao (KCR) | June 2, 2014 | December 12, 2018 | Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) / Bharat Rashtra Samithi (BRS) |
| 2. | Kalvakuntla Chandrashekar Rao (KCR) | December 13, 2018 | December 6, 2023 | Bharat Rashtra Samithi (BRS) |
| 3. | Anumula Revanth Reddy | December 7, 2023 | Present | Indian National Congress (INC) |
President's Rule
* Telangana is one of the very few states in India that has never had President's Rule (imposed under Article 356 of the Constitution) since its formation on June 2, 2014. It has maintained stable government.
Famous Places and Products
Famous Places for Worldwide / India
Telangana is famous for its historical monuments, ancient temples, and natural beauty.
| Place | Location | Significance |
|---|---|---|
| Charminar | Hyderabad | Iconic 16th-century mosque and monument, the global symbol of Hyderabad. |
| Golconda Fort | Hyderabad | Historical fort known for its military architecture and acoustic marvels; home to the legendary Kohinoor diamond. |
| Ramoji Film City | Hyderabad | One of the largest and most comprehensive film studios in the world, a popular tourist destination. |
| Warangal Fort | Warangal | A monument of the Kakatiya dynasty, famous for its intricate stone carvings and the iconic Kirti Toranas (gateways). |
| Yadadri Temple | Yadadri Bhuvanagiri | A major pilgrimage site dedicated to Lord Narasimha. |
| Nagarjuna Sagar Dam | Border with Andhra Pradesh | One of the world's largest masonry dams, creating a massive reservoir. |
Famous Products (Handicrafts and Cuisine)
Telangana is globally recognized for its unique arts, crafts, and culinary traditions, many of which hold a Geographical Indication (GI) tag:
| Product | Type | Significance |
|---|---|---|
| Pochampally Ikat | Handloom Saree/Fabric | Famous worldwide for its unique tie-and-dye patterns, often called the "Poetry on Loom." (GI Tag) |
| Hyderabad Haleem | Cuisine (Foodstuff) | A rich, slow-cooked meat and wheat dish, hugely popular, especially during Ramadan. (GI Tag) |
| Bidriware | Metal Handicraft | Intricate metal inlay work (silver or gold on a blackened zinc and copper alloy), traditionally used for vases, hookahs, and jewelry. |
| Cheriyal Scroll Paintings | Handicraft | A unique narrative art form, used by storytellers to depict mythological tales. (GI Tag) |
| Nirmal Toys and Paintings | Handicraft | Brightly colored wooden toys and paintings. (GI Tag) |
| Gadwal Sarees | Handloom Saree | A blend of cotton and silk with a contrasting silk border and 'Zari' work. (GI Tag)
